Hall type wheel speed sensor uses the principle of Hall effect, that is, control current is applied at both ends of the semiconductor sheet, and a magnetic field with a magnetic field strength of B is applied in the vertical direction of the sheet, then an electric potential whose size is proportional to the product of control current and magnetic induction strength B will be generated at the other ends of the sheet, which is called Hall potential.

When Hall element is used as the wheel speed sensor of an automobile, magnetic induction intensity B is usually used as the input signal. When magnetic induction intensity B changes with wheel speed, Hall potential pulse is generated. After amplification, shaping and power amplifier inside Hall integrated circuit, pulse sequence is output outward, and its duty cycle changes with the angular speed of the turntable. The rotation of the gear disc alters the magnetoresistance, causing the change of magnetic induction intensity, which can measure the Hall potential pulse output by the sensor.

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